Guide to the Papers of Lionel S. Reiss, (1894-1987 ), 1921-1952, RG 1160

Processed by Donna Davis in 1983. Additional processing by Rivka Schiller in 2007 with the assistance of a grant by the Gruss Lipper Family Foundation.

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
15 West 16th Street
New York, NY 10011
Email: archives@yivo.cjh.org
URL: http://www.yivo.org

Electronic finding aid was converted to EAD version 2002 by Yakov Sklyar in October 2006. EAD finding aid converted to ARCHON in 2013. Description is in English.

Collection Overview

Title: Guide to the Papers of Lionel S. Reiss, (1894-1987 ), 1921-1952, RG 1160

ID: RG 1160 FA

Extent: 0.75 Linear Feet. More info below.

Abstract

Lionel S. Reiss was a Polish-American artist. Traveled abroad in the 1920s to study different Jewish communities. The collection consists of 111 drawings, sketches, charcoals and watercolors included in 3 albums. In additional, there is a large framed drawing exhibited in the archives. There are also three large drawings stored in the flat file cabinet, drawer B10. The images are numbered consecutively from 1 to 111 in the collection inventory. Reiss’ own spelling of locality names and other expressions in the titles has been retained (e.g. “klessmer,” “Motelle,” “stetle,” “Lemberg”). The media include pastel and woodcut drawings, charcoal and pen and ink sketches, and watercolor paintings.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

The collection consists of 111 drawings, sketches, charcoals and watercolors included in 3 albums. In additional, there is a large framed drawing exhibited in the archives. There are also three large drawings stored in the flat file cabinet, drawer B10. The images are numbered consecutively from 1 to 111 in the collection inventory. Reiss’ own spelling of locality names and other expressions in the titles has been retained (e.g. “klessmer,” “Motelle,” “stetle,” “Lemberg”).

The media include pastel and woodcut drawings, charcoal and pen and ink sketches, and watercolor paintings. The works range in size from 9 x 9 to 15 x 6 and depict scenes of Jewish life in various cities and shtetls of Europe, the Middle East, and the United States in the inter-war period. Among the towns and cities represented in Reiss’ artwork are: Amsterdam, Bialystok, Chelm, Frankfurt a/M, Jerusalem, Krakow, Lemberg, Lodz, Lublin, Paris, Safed, Tarnopol, Vilna, and Warsaw.

Themes include: individuals engaged in professional work or vocational trades (e.g., shopkeepers, shoe makers, knife grinders, tailors, carpenters, vegetable saleswomen, peddlers, water carriers, street fiddlers, klezmer musicians), religious settings and ritual contexts (e.g., men engaged in prayer and learning, in mitzvah dances, in handling the Torah scrolls), portraits (e.g., artist’s self-portrait, artist’s wife, children, elderly individuals, Chasidim, Talmud students, rabbinic figures), architectural structures and outdoor scenes (e.g., alleyways, courtyards, shop buildings, marketplaces, gates of Jewish quarter, synagogues, remains of Jewish quarter). Also included are depictions of life in Palestine and Israel: Sephardic, Yemenite, Kurdish, Iraqi, and kibbutz Jews.

Historical Note

Lionel Reiss was born in 1894 in Jarosław, Poland. His family immigrated to the U.S. in 1899 and settled in New York. Reiss began his career as a commercial artist working for advertising industry. In 1919 he traveled abroad for the first time, with the purpose of making “an ethnic study of the Jew”. This trip resulted in exhibitions in major American cities. In 1922, Reiss made a series of travels throughout Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and recorded the everyday life that he encountered in the Jewish ghettos of the aforementioned regions.

By 1930, Reiss had made a career-altering decision to leave the world of commercial art and devote his time to fine art. His first portfolio, My Models Were Jews: A Painter’s Pilgrimage to Many Lands was published in 1938. In 1952, when Reiss’ reputation as a genre painter was well established, the Reconstructionist movement, under the tutelage of Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan and Rabbi Ira Eisenstein, provided him with an artistic mission grant that enabled him to spend six months traveling throughout Israel. In 1954 Reiss’ second book, New Lights and Old Shadows: New Lights of an Israel Reborn, Old Shadows of a Vanished World , which highlights 210 of his paintings, watercolors, drawings, and etchings from his 1952 trip to Israel, was published.

As immigrants to the United States, Reiss’ parents joined the ranks of other Eastern European Jews who were fleeing their native countries at the turn of the 20th century. Lionel Reiss settled on New York’s Lower East Side neighborhood and spent the majority of his life in the city. In the early 1920s he became a successful illustrator in the advertising industry. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, for whom he created the famous MGM lion, was one of his clients. Here, Reiss found himself among a cadre of Jewish immigrant artists: Max Weber (1881-1961), Mark Rothko (1903-1970), Louise Nevelson (1899-1988), Ben Shahn (1899-1969), Raphael Soyer (1899-1987), Moses Soyer (1899-1974), Isaac Soyer (1902-1981), and Chaim Gross (1904-1991). Nonetheless, Reiss’ work and documentation methods stand out as unique among this group, because he alone chose to return to his homeland for the purpose of bringing an awareness of Jewish shtetl life to a U.S. audience.

In the tradition of the Polish and Russian born Jewish photographers, Alter Kacyzne and Roman Vishniac, Reiss depicted Jewish communal life in Poland (and elsewhere) prior to World War II. The devastating effects of World War I could still be felt in the 1920s in the old Jewish quarters of Warsaw, Lodz, Krakow, Lublin, Vilna, Kovno, Paris, and Prague—all of which factor heavily in Reiss’ artwork. Reiss’ premonition that European Jewish culture was in jeopardy of vanishing led him to document and immortalize on paper that which he witnessed during his travels throughout Europe.

One of the central themes of Reiss’ art was that of every day street life, replete with its class distinctions and social strata. Later on in life Reiss’ themes drew more heavily from life in the United States, New York in particular. However, although the subject matter may have changed, the people and the street essentially remained the same. Among his more memorable works stand: “The Ghetto Gate of Lublin, 1922,” “Blessing of the New Moon, 1922,” “59th Street Series” (1946) of oil paintings, watercolors, and pen and ink drawings, his still lifes of Bucks County, Pennsylvania in the 1930s, seascapes of Gloucester, Massachusetts, a series of ink drawings that illustrated the poetry of Hayim Nahman Bialik (1873-1934), and a series of large murals, entitled “Genesis,” depicting biblical scenes. Reiss spent more than twenty years at work on these murals, and was still creating them at age 92.

During World War II, even prior to the time when anyone in the United States understood the real facts about the Nazi brutalities, Reiss created a composite of eight watercolors called “In Memoriam: The Millions of Innocent Victims of Nazi Warfare.” These images were published in The Menorah Journal in 1944, and in retrospect, appear mild in comparison to the truth of the day.

The collection is only a partial representation of Reiss’ greater body of work. Reiss’ work has appeared in exhibitions at venues across America: The Carnegie Institute, The Art Institute of Chicago, Los Angeles Museum Association, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts, Audubon Artists, American Watercolor Society, Museum of Modern Art, among others. His permanent collections may be viewed at Columbia University, The Jewish Museum (New York), the Jewish Theological Seminary (New York), the New York Historical Society, the Sinai Center of Chicago, the Skirball Center (Los Angeles), the Brooklyn Museum, the Bezalel Museum (Israel), Tel Aviv Museum, the Ain Harod Museum (Israel), and other such venues. Mr. Reiss died in 1988.

Administrative Information

Alternate Extent Statement: 9 inches; 3 3" boxes

Access Restrictions:

Open to researchers.

For more information, contact: Chief Archivist, YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011

email: archives@yivo.cjh.org

Acquisition Method: Collection was donated by Mr. And Mrs. Socolow and Mr. And Mrs. Jacques Stone in the 1980s.

Preferred Citation: Published citations should read as followes:Identification of item, date (if known); YIVO Archives; Lionel S. Reiss Collection; RG 1160; folder number.

Box and Folder Listing

Browse by Series:

Series 1: Lionel S. Reiss Collection, 1921-1952,
All

Series 1: Lionel S. Reiss Collection 1921-1952

Box 1

Folder 1: Sunless Alley-Lublin 1922: folder, pencil and paper. Four people walking through narrow alley. 13 ½ x 10. Lublin
Folder 2: Old Shoes-Wilno 1921: folder, black pastel. Older man sitting on a flight of steps with legs crossed. Two pairs of shoes are on ground nearby. 14 ½ x 11. Wilno
Folder 3: Resting Jew 1921: folder, pencil and paper. Elderly man sitting in chair with both hands resting on cane. 13 x 10
Folder 4: Prayer Shawls and Books 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Man sitting at table with books. Prayer shawls hanging above table. 9 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 5: Waiting 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Person sitting on step near table covered with boxes and scale. Signed with initials. 11 x 9 ½
Folder 6: Carpenter Waiting for Job-Wilno undated: Drawing, black pastel. Man with cane, hat, and bag hanging from shoulder. 13 x 9. Wilno
Folder 7: Knife Grinder undated: Drawing, pencil and paper. Man with peaked hat standing under umbrella working at wheel. 10 x 9 ½
Folder 8: Shop-Wilno undated: Drawing, pencil and paper. Elderly man with cane sitting looking out doorway at person sitting on ground near large basket. 1 ½ x 10. Wilno
Folder 9: Vegetables undated: Drawing, pencil and paper. Woman with scarf on head and long skirt sitting near many baskets. Scale in background. 13 x 10 ½
Folder 10: Patches undated: Drawing, black pastel. Man holding boy’s hand. Boy’s other hand has cup outstretched. Both wearing patched long coats. Signed with initials. 12 x 9
Folder 11: Tired Peddler undated: Drawing, black pastel. Man with cap resting head on basket. “Reproduced in book.” Signed with initials. 11 x 9 ½
Folder 12: Curb Gossips 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Two women sitting on ground wearing scarves on heads and long skirts. 7 ½ x 11 ¾
Folder 13: Shop in Lemberg 1921: Drawing, pencil and paper. Man standing in doorway of shop. Two boys and man standing outside. All wearing hats and earlocks. 14 x 11. Krakow
Folder 14: Vilno Courtyard 1921: Drawing, pencil and paper. Courtyard with stairway, arch, and windows. 14 x 10
Folder 15: Yadkowa, Wilno 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Street surrounded by small houses. Women sitting in front of a house. 14 ½ x 10 ½. Yadkowa, Wilno
Folder 16: Palisades of the Poor-Chelm 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Long wooden stairway leading up to apartments. Children sitting on steps, old man walking down. 14 ½ x 12. Chelm
Folder 17: Borne Strasse-Frankfurt a. Main 1921: Watercolor. Street lined with substantial buildings and handcarts. Old House of the Synagogue in Judengasse of Frankfurt a. Main
Folder 18: Jewish Quarter-Paris 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Courtyard—man pushing cart through archway, woman working at a table. 12 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 19: Ulica Josefa-Warsaw 1921: Painting, watercolor. Arched hallway with staircase and light fixture hanging from ceiling. 9 x 9. Warsaw
Folder 20: Village Bal Agalah 1921: Drawing, portrait, black pastel. Large man sitting with cheek resting on his hand, wearing hat and coat with large buttons. 12 ¼ x 11
Folder 21: Locksmith’s Apprentice-Kovna 1921: Drawing, portrait, black pastel. Boy with hat and overly large coat. 16 x 10 ½
Folder 22: Reb Motelle 1921: Drawing, portrait, black pastel. Elderly man with kippah under large hat, overcoat and cane. 14 ½ x 10
Folder 23: Ghetto Corner-Paris 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Street surrounded by buildings. People walking in street and on sidewalks. 11 x 9
Folder 24: Rue Eginhart-Paris 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Street surrounded by buildings. People walking through archway. 12 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 25: Study-Mother and Child-Lodz 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Woman with scarf on head holding baby. 12 ½ x 10
Folder 26: Exodus 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Crowd of people in foreground diminishing to solid black and then light in background. 9 ½ x 15
Folder 27: Curb Merchandise-Radom 1921: Drawing, pencil and paper. Two women with full baskets. Man with overcoat and cap sitting in background. 12 ½ x 9
Folder 28: Mourners 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Woman with children huddled around her on left. Sketchy figure crouched on right. In center, on a low stool, a lighted candle from which emanates the only source of light. 9 ½ x 13 ½
Folder 29: Rag Alley-Vilno 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Group of people crowded around open doorway, holding articles of clothing. 9 ¾ x 15
Folder 30: Market Transaction 1921: Drawing, pencil and paper. Six people buying or/and selling merchandise in arm or baskets. Live ducks in a basket on ground. 9 ¾ x 15 ½
Folder 31: Before a Lemberger Synagogue 1921: Drawing, pencil and paper. Group of men (wearing shtraymlekh) and boys. One woman in background. 9 ½ x 14 ½. Lemberg
Folder 32: Breadline-Warsaw 1921: Sketch, pencil and paper. Throng of people (and a dog) on a line outside shop. “Sketch for an oil painting.” 8 ½ x 15
Folder 33: Two Studies of a Bialystoker Jew 1921: Drawings, black pastel. a) Elderly bearded man, with cap sitting on bench. One arm on a cane, the other holding a parcel. b) Same man standing. 11 ¾ x 14
Folder 34: Market Types 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Four women and two men conversing. 10 ½ x 15 ¼
Folder 35: Alley in Chelm 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Person walking through archway-surrounded by buildings. 11 x 15
Folder 36: Wilno Courtyard 1921: Drawing, black pastel. Elderly man sitting on step, resting on cane. People walking through archway in background. 11 x 15
Folder 37: Two Men of Chelm 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Two elderly bearded men walking, hunched over. Street is cobblestone, buildings in background. “Drawing for woodcut.” 13 x 9
Folder 38: Stetle Water Carrier 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Elderly bearded man carrying two buckets over his shoulders. “Drawing for woodcut.” 13 x 9 ½
Folder 39: Peasant and Jew-Poland 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Two men, Jew in plain long black coat, peasant in coat with fur collar and sword. “Drawing for woodcut.” 13 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 40: Lublin Glasier 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Elderly man with panes of glass strapped to his back. Clock tower in background. “Drawing for woodcut.” 13 ½ x 10
Folder 41: At the End of the Road 1931: Drawing, pencil and watercolor. Elderly bearded man with turban, resting head on cane. 13 ½ x 11 ½
Folder 42: Gravestone Carver-Poland 1922: Drawings, ink and watercolor. Man sitting on box using hammer and chisel on a partially carved stone. 12 x 10
Folder 43 a: Ghetto Entrance-Venice 1922: Drawing, pencil and ink. Canal with bridge. People lining canal and crossing bridge surrounded by tall buildings. 14 x 9 ½. Missing
Folder 43 b: Reproduction of elderly woman with scarf on her head. Missing undated
Folder 44: Ghetto Gate-Lublin 1922: Drawing, pen and ink. People milling about archway. 10 x 9 ½
Folder 45: Mitzvah Dance #1 1922: Drawing, black pastel. Woman and man dancing with hands on hips. 10 ½ x 11 ½
Folder 46: Mitzvah Dance #2 1922: Drawing, black pastel. Two men dancing holding each other by the arms. One wearing a shtrayml, the other wearing a kippah. 1 ¾ x 11 ½

Box 2

Folder 47: Ukrainian Jew 1922: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Elderly full white bearded man with hat. 15 x 11
Folder 48: Jew from Chelm 1922: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Man with long beard, heavy eyes wearing hat. 13 ½ x 11
Folder 49: Jew from Warsaw 1922: Portrait, profile, black pastel on paper. Long bearded elderly man with knitted watch hat. 15 x 11
Folder 50: Jewish Girl-Cracow 1921: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Full-faced girl with curly hair. 12 ½ x 9
Folder 51: Jew from Brody 1922: Portrait, ¾ black pastel on paper. Man with full bear wearing hat with brim. 14 x 11
Folder 52: Jew from Lublin 1922: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Bearded man with hat looking off to his right. 15 ¼ x 11
Folder 53: Hasidic Boy undated: Portrait, profile, amber pastel on paper. Young boy with earlocks. 15 x 11
Folder 54: Belgian Boy 1921: Portrait, profile, black pastel on paper. Teenager with peaked cap. 12 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 55: Jewish Boy-Paris undated: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Boy with almond shaped eyes, wearing a cap. 12 ½ x 9. Paris
Folder 56: Talmud Student-Kovna 1921: Portrait, amber pastel on paper. Long wavy haired teenager with peaked hat. 15 x 11
Folder 57: Polish Jew-Lodz 1922: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Bearded elderly man with peaked cap and overcoat. 15 x 11
Folder 58: Russian Jew-Refugee from Minsk 1922: Portrait, black pastel on paper. Full faced, short bearded man with peaked cap. 15 x 11
Folder 59: Talmud Student-Bialystok 1922: Portrait, pastel. Young man with earlocks wearing peaked cap, shirt, tie and jacket. 13 ¾ x 11
Folder 60: Hasid from Pelnatich-Galicia 1922: Portrait, ¾ black pastel on paper. Elderly bearded man, with small eyeglasses and shtrayml. 12 x 10 ½
Folder 61: Street Fiddler 1922: Drawing, black pastel on paper. Man with round eyeglasses and peaked cap playing violin. 12 x 10
Folder 62: Sephardic Jew-Safed 1931: Painting, watercolor. Elderly man with turban leaning on a staff. 11 x 14 ½
Folder 63: Kibbutz Jewess 1952: Drawing, pen and ink. Elderly woman with eyeglasses. 12 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 64: Yemenite Jew-Israel 1952: Drawing, pen and ink. Man with beard and earlocks, with small turban type headwear. 15 x 11. Israel
Folder 65: Kibbutz Artist-Ain Harod-Israel 1952: Portrait, drawing, pen and ink. Man with short, curly hair. Contains the Hebrew name “Chaim Atar.” 13 x 11. Ain Harod, Israel
Folder 66: Kibbutz Child-Ain Harod 1952: Drawing, amber pastel. Beautiful young girl with long, wavy hair. 13 x 11. Ain Harod, Israel
Folder 67: Kibbutz Woman-Ain Harod 1952: Portrait, drawing in pastel. ¾ view of woman with hair pulled back in a bun. 12 x 9 ½. Ain Harod
Folder 68: Kurdish Jew-Jerusalem 1952: Portrait, drawing in pastel. Profile of elderly, bearded man with earlocks, wearing turban. 14 ½ x 11. Jerusalem
Folder 69: Bohkaren Jew 1952: Portrait, drawing in pastel. Man with eyes quite close together, prominent nose, wearing a hat with rolled up brim
Folder 70: Hassid 1921: Portrait, drawing, side of pastel crayon. Bearded man with earlocks, wearing shtrayml. 14 x 10
Folder 71: Prayer 1921: Painting, watercolor. Man wearing talit, kippah, reading from a book held in both hands. 12 ½ x 9 ½
Folder 72: Worker Resting-Israel 1952: Drawing, amber pastel. Man in repose with both arms thrown back. 11 x 5. Israel
Folder 73: Lifting the Scrolls 1921: Painting, watercolor. Elderly man with very long beard, holding scrolls with both hands. 12 x 15
Folder 74: Four Jewish Types-American undated: Four individual portraits, pencil drawings. a) ¾ view of man with wavy hair, wearing eyeglasses, b) ¾ view of man with mustache and thinning hair, c) ¾ view of man with sloping forehead, wearing eyeglasses, d) ¾ view of man with receding hairline. Each portrait measures 4 x 5 ½
Folder 75: Four Jewish Types-American undated: Four individual portraits. a) ¾ view, pencil. Elderly woman with hair pulled back. 5 ¼ x 6 ¼. b) Front view-elderly man with white hair parted in center, wearing jacket and tie. 5 ¼ x 6 ¼. c) Pastel, ¾ view of woman. 4 ¼ x 5 ½. d) Pencil, young woman with long neck and head tilted to side. 4 ¼ x 5 ½
Folder 76: English Jewess 1932: Drawing, portrait, pastel and pencil. ¾ view of beautiful young woman with curly hair and long neck. 15 x 11
Folder 77: Jewish Woman-Tarnapol 1932: Drawing, portrait, pencil and paper. ¾ view of older woman, smiling, wearing earring and broach at collar. 14 x 11. Tarnopol, Galicia
Folder 78: Frances Reiss 1950: Portrait, drawing in amber pastel. Woman with hooded eyelids and short curly hair. Wearing earring and pin at collar. 14 ½ x 11
Folder 79: Self-Portrait 1924: Drawing, amber pastel. Man with wavy hair, mustache above full lips, wearing eyeglasses, tie, and jacket. 15 x 11

Box 3

Folder 80: The Klessmer undated: Drawing, black pastel and paper. 6 musicians posed in a pyramid. 15 ½ x 11
Folder 81: Orchard Street-N.Y.C 1924: Painting, watercolor. Crowded streets of shoppers and peddlers among tenements. 14 x 16 ¾. New York
Folder 82: Wood Turner undated: Drawing, pastel (black, yellow, orange). Man sitting at bench working at a machine. 17 ½ x 14
Folder 83: The Load 1921: Sketch, black pastel. Man, bent with strain, pulling a loaded cart through busy street. 12 ½ x 17. Warsaw
Folder 84: Lublin Ghetto Arch #1 undated: Drawing, pastel. Man with package under arm going through arch. Men, woman and children are milling about. 16 ¾ x 12 ½
Folder 85: Lublin Ghetto Arch #2 undated: Drawing, pastel
Folder 86: Glasser Gass-Wilno-#1 undated: Drawing, pastel. Man coming through arch, with cane and package under arm. People standing on sidewalk. 15 x 12 ½. Wilno, Poland
Folder 87: Glasser Gass-Wilno-#2 undated: Drawing, pastel. Woman with basket coming through arch. Few people on sidewalk. 12 x 14. Wilno, Poland
Folder 88: Glasser Gass-Wilno-#3 undated: Drawing, pastel. Two bearded men speaking amid passersby. Second arch in background, larger arch in foreground. 17 x 12 ½. Wilno, Poland
Folder 89: Glasser Gass-Wilno-#4 undated: Drawing, pastel. Woman coming through arch, bearded man with cane on sidewalk. 12 x 17. Wilno, Poland
Folder 90: Wilno Synagogue undated: Drawing, pastel. Woman coming through narrow street carrying two buckets over shoulders, other woman on sidewalk carrying buckets and pitchers. 12 x 17. Wilno, Poland
Folder 91: Lublin Courtyard undated: Drawing, pastel. Woman looking at courtyard from top of stairway. 15 x 11 ½
Folder 92: Chelm Courtyard undated: Drawing, pastel. Small boy looking into lower floor window. Woman leaning out of top floor window, old man coming into courtyard through arch. 16 ¾ x 11 ¾
Folder 93: Backstairs-Kolomyia-Galicia 1921: Drawing, pastel. Woman and children going up and down four-flight stairway. 17 ½ x 11 ¼. Kolomyia
Folder 94: Prague Jewish Old Quarter undated: Drawing, pastel. Woman with red head covering, leaning out of second story window. An ornate gas lamp attached to another building. 16 ½ x 11 ½
Folder 95: Prague Canal undated: Drawing, pastel. Waterway-lined on one side by retaining wall and the other by buildings, rowboats are on either side of canal. 16 ¾ x 12 ½
Folder 96: Ghetto St. in Worms-Germany undated: Drawing, pen and ink. People walking up and down narrow street lined with houses
Folder 97: Cluny Museum-Paris 1923: Painting, watercolor. Entranceway leading to sunny room with stone columns displayed. Plaque on front of building with Hebrew letters. 13 ½ x 10 ½. Paris
Folder 98: Jewish Quarter-Paris 1921: Drawing, pen and ink. Man pulling large handcart. Street lined with people and shops. 16 ¾ x 9 ½. Paris
Folder 99: Frankfurt a/M-Ghetto Remains 1922: Painting, ink and yellow watercolor. Woman and children in village square. Bent old man with cane walking by. 16 1/2 x 10. Frankfurt
Folder 100: Ghetto in Amsterdam 1922: Painting, ink and yellow watercolor. People crowding around pushcarts and shops. 12 x 17 ¼. Amsterdam
Folder 101: Music-Warsaw 1921: Painting, watercolor. People gathered in courtyard and others watching from windows an organ grinder and man with drum strapped to his back. 15 ½ x 12. Warsaw
Folder 102: Memory of Cracow 1922: Painting, watercolor. Man praying in crowded synagogue, wearing talit. One young boy in front row. Text-From memory. 12 x 16. Krakow
Folder 103: Artist’s Sketch Sheet 1923: Sketch, pen and ink, watercolor. Individual people involved in various activities. Sketch of the artist painting at easel. 15 x 12
Folder 104: Lublin Ghetto undated: Drawing, black pastel on paper. People walking through archway to street lined with three story buildings. Framed 26 x 20. Missing
Folder 105: Klezmorim undated: Drawing, black pastel on paper. Six musicians posed in a pyramid standing on steps. 30 x 22. Missing
Folder 106: Hassidic Fantasy undated: Drawing, black and lavender pastel. Nine Hassidic men dancing and playing instruments high in the sky above a town. The synagogue is the most prominent building. 30 x 22. Missing
Folder 107: Hassidic Spirit undated: Drawing, blue, orange and black pastel. Nine Hassidic men dancing and playing musical instruments surrounded and amid orange flame. 30 x 22. Missing

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Series 1: Lionel S. Reiss Collection, 1921-1952,
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