Guide to the Papers of Julian (Yehiel) Hirszhaut (1908-1983) 1921-1988, 2001-2004 (bulk 1939-1945) RG 720

Processed by Felicia Figa, Leah Oler and Markus Nowogrodzki. Additional processing by Rachel S. Harrison in 2013. Described and encoded as part of the CJH Holocaust Resource Initiative, made possible by the Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany.

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
15 West 16th Street
New York, NY 10011
Email: archives@yivo.cjh.org
URL: http://www.yivo.org

Electronic finding aid was encoded in EAD 2002 by Rachel S. Harrison in July 2013. Description is in English.

Collection Overview

Title: Guide to the Papers of Julian (Yehiel) Hirszhaut (1908-1983) 1921-1988, 2001-2004 (bulk 1939-1945) RG 720

Predominant Dates:(bulk 1939-1945)

ID: RG 720 FA

Extent: 5.0 Linear Feet. More info below.

Arrangement:

A Yiddish card catalog for the testimonies was created by Felicia Figa. The correspondence listing was compiled by Leah Oler. The addendum was processed by Markus Nowogrodzki. The complete Yiddish card catalog was translated and additional processing was completed in 2013. Described and encoded as part of the CJH Holocaust Resource Initiative, made possible by the Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany.

This collection is arranged by topic and document format. The Testimonies and Correspondence series are arranged alphabetically according to the Hebrew alphabet, even when the materials are in a language that uses the Latin alphabet. The Writings and Printed Materials series is arranged alphabetically according to the Latin alphabet even when the materials are in Yiddish. The addendum is arranged by document type. The addendum correspondence and newspaper clippings are arranged chronologically and the Di Zukunft submissions are arranged alphabetically according to the Latin alphabet.

Yiddish writings have been transliterated and translated and Polish and German writings and publications have been translated. Yiddish personal names have been transliterated according to YIVO standards except when the individual is known in English by another spelling. Additionally, if the name appeared in Latin letters anywhere within the folder, that spelling was used rather than a standard transliteration.

The names of geographical locations indicating places of birth and ghettos listed within the testimonies have been spelled according to what that location was called in its respective country in 1939, without diacriticals. Russian place names have been transliterated. For concentration camp names, the German wartime spelling has been used. Thus a person may have been born in Oswiecim but interned in the Auschwitz camp. Within German-occupied Poland, the Generalgouvernement, the Germans mainly used the Polish spellings without the diacriticals. This system has been followed for forced labor camps for Jews and prisoner of war camps, although the testimony descriptions do not differentiate between the types of camps. In the German-occupied Soviet Union and some of the more eastern parts of Poland, as well as for some of the states allied with Nazi Germany, including Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, and others, the Germans often developed their own more Germanized spellings of town names although they were not always consistent in this. These names, when clear from the testimonies, have been used although, when the Germanized name is not clear, the 1939 name has been used.

The collection is organized into three series and an addendum, some of which have been further divided into subseries.

Languages: Polish, Yiddish, German, English, French, Hebrew, Russian, Ukrainian

Abstract

This collection contains the papers of Julian Hirszhaut, a Yiddish journalist and author of several works about the Holocaust in Poland. He collected a great number of historical documents on this topic, including hundreds of eyewitness accounts, which make up an important part of this collection. The materials in this collection relate to Hirszhaut’s important work gathering documents and testimonies of the Holocaust, as well as to his other professional activities as a journalist.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

This collection relates mainly to Hirszhaut’s collecting of Holocaust materials, which he began soon after the war. There are also materials relating to his involvement with publishing and writing articles for various Yiddish and Polish newspapers. A major part of this collection consists of hundreds of eyewitness Holocaust testimonies, as well as newspaper clippings, correspondence, printed material, and photographs relating to Jews in Poland under Nazi occupation. The eyewitness testimonies were collected ca. 1945 by local Jewish historical commissions in Bialystok, Katowice, Krakow, Lublin, Lodz, and Warsaw. The testimonies are in Polish, Yiddish and German.

Materials relating to the Lodz ghetto include photographs, ghetto money, printed announcements by Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski, and a handwritten Zionist newspaper from the ghetto edited by Dawid Joskowicz. There are also newspapers from the Polish underground and from other ghettos, and miscellaneous materials from Jewish organizations in post-war Poland, such as Ichud and the Central Jewish Historical Commission.

The collection also contains manuscripts and typescripts of articles by Hirszhaut and other writers, many of which are unattributed, and a great deal of correspondence. Correspondents include Abraham Golomb, Chaim Grade, Freed Weininger, Herschel Weinrauch (Grigory Vinokur), Hinde Zaretski, Israel Silberberg-Cholewa, Jacob Zipper, Shea Tenenbaum, Saul Maltz, Jacob Maitlis, Avram Sutzkever, Moishe Ettinger, Arnold Posy, Menke Katz, Rokhl Korn, Joseph Kermish, Isaac Rontch, William Shore, and Mordkhe Schaechter, among others.

Additionally, there is an addendum containing supplementary materials, mostly from the 1970s and 1980s, including submissions to Di Zukunft , of which Hirszhaut was the editor, correspondence, papers of Hanka Hirszhaut, newspaper clippings, and miscellaneous writings.

Historical Note

Biographical Note Julian (Yehiel) Hirszhaut was born on September 2, 1908 in Drohobycz, Poland, near Lwow. He graduated from LwowUniversity with a Master’s degree in jurisprudence and political economics and simultaneously graduated from the Hebrew Pedagogical Institute, also in Lwow, in 1933. Following his graduation, Hirszhaut worked as the legal advisor to a large bank, first at the Lwowbranch and later at the main office in Warsaw. He was also involved in Zionist activities in Western Galicia, and wrote about Zionist problems in both Polish and Yiddish periodicals. He first published his work in the Polish monthly Narod (Nation, Warsaw) in 1929 and continued to publish in Polish and Yiddish until the beginning of World War II. Among the publications he wrote for were Der emes (The Truth, Warsaw), Der nayer veg (The New Way, Paris, later London), Haynt (Today, Warsaw), Der kampf (The Struggle, Lwow), and Di naye velt (The New World, German, Vienna). He also contributed to the Polish daily Chwilie (Moment, Lwow).

From 1939-1942 Hirszhaut was in hiding in Warsaw before he went to live with his brother and sister-in-law who were living with Aryan identity papers. Hirszhaut obtained false identity papers and even got a job working for a local hardware wholesaler for several months. He was arrested and sent to Pawiak Prison in Warsaw on July 8, 1943 where he stayed for a year before escaping on May 30, 1944. Hirszhaut’s brother was also sent to Pawiak Prison, where he died in November 1943. After escaping, Hirszhaut went into hiding, where he was able to survive until the end of the war. His wife, daughter and entire family perished in the Holocaust.

Hirszhaut helped to build the postwar Yiddish press in Poland, founding and editing the periodicals Ichud (Union, Lodz, 1945, Polish and Yiddish), Opinia (Opinion, Lodz, 1945) and Życie Warszawy (Life of Warsaw, 1945), for which he used the name Michal Dobiecki. He was also the honorary President of the Jewish Committee in Warsaw after the war and, as part of this office, he was instrumental in organizing local Jewish historical committees in Bialystok, Katowice, Krakow, Lublin, Lodz, and Warsaw to collect eyewitness Holocaust testimonies. Hirszhaut also wrote extensively on the Holocaust period in Poland and bought and collected historical documents and photographs on this topic, many of which he later sent to Yad Vashem. Hirszhaut married Hanka Hirszhaut, another survivor, in Lodz in July 1945.

The Hirszhauts moved to France in June 1946 on the invitation of the French Zionist Organization. There they helped ensure that illegally arriving Jews got temporary visas to stay in France and provided help and clothing. As an emissary of the French government, Julian Hirszhaut went to Poland to distribute 500 visas for Jewish survivors. He also continued to be involved in publishing while in France. He was the editor of Di tsionistishe shtime (The Zionist Voice, 1946), Videroyfboy (Reconstruction, 1946-1947), which was published through the Union of Polish Jews in France, Undzer veg (Our Way, 1946-1951), and Undzer vort (Our Word, 1946). He also wrote a series of essays for Kiyum (Existence) in Paris: on the history of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1948-1949), about Holocaust literature among the Germans (April 1950), and about politics and Jews (1950-1951).

In February 1951 the Hirszhauts settled in New York, where once again Julian Hirszhaut involved himself in publishing and writing about the Holocaust. He edited Amerikaner (The American, 1951-1952), YIVO bleter (YIVO Pages, 1954) and Di Zukunft (Future, 1976-1983). He also served as the President of the Yiddish PEN Club and the executive director of the Congress for Jewish Culture in New York.

Among his books and writings are Finstere nekht in Pawiak (Dark Nights in Pawiak), published by the Central Union of Polish Jews in Argentina in 1948, later published as Jewish Martyrs of Pawiak in 1982; Yidishe Naft Magnatn (Jewish Oil Magnates, 1954); “Dr. Ignacy Schipper – His Life and Works” in Fun noentn ever (From the Recent Past), published by the World Jewish Culture Congress in 1955; and “Meir Balaban” in Dortn (There, 1959), among others.

Julian Hirszhaut died in New York on March 20, 1983. He was survived by his wife, Hanka, and two daughters, Betty Lee Hirszhaut and Dr. Vivian Hirszhaut Swartz.

Subject/Index Terms

Administrative Information

Alternate Extent Statement: 12 5" boxes

Access Restrictions: Permission to use the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archivist.

Use Restrictions:

Permission to publish part or parts of the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archives. For more information, contact:

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Center for Jewish History, 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011

email: archives@yivo.cjh.org

Acquisition Method: The materials were donated to YIVO by Julian Hirszhaut in several accessions between 1975-1978. Additional materials were donated by Julian Hirszhaut’s widow, Hanka Hirszhaut in 1983, 2001 and 2004.

Separated Materials: There is no information about materials that are associated by provenance to the described materials that have been physically separated or removed.

Original/Copies Note: There is a card catalog for Series I: Eyewitness Testimonies, a handwritten Yiddish list of correspondents and a guide to the addendum.

Related Materials: The YIVO, AJHS and LBI Library and Archives have a wealth of materials about World War II, the Holocaust, concentration camps, survivor testimonies, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, the Lodz ghetto, and many other topics found in the Hirszhaut Papers. There are also many collections in the YIVO Archives relating to Yiddish newspapers and journals and Yiddish newspaper publishing. The YIVO Library has several of Hirszhaut’s books, including Jewish Martyrs of Pawiak , Finstere nekht in Pawiak , Der nign fun nekhtn , In gang fun der geshikhte: monografyes un eseyen , and Yidishe naft-magnatn .

Preferred Citation: Published citations should take the following form:Identification of item, date (if known); Papers of Julian (Yehiel) Hirszhaut; RG 720; box number; folder number; YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.

Box and Folder Listing

Browse by Series:

Series 1: Series I: Eyewitness Testimonies, 1940-1946,
Series 2: Series II: Writings and Printed Materials, 1930-1978, undated,
Series 3: Series III: Correspondence, 1970-1982,
Series 4: Series IV: Addendum, 1921, 1944-1948, 1963, 1974-1988, 2001-2004, undated,
All

Series I: Eyewitness Testimonies 1940-1946

This series consists of hundreds of eyewitness accounts of the Holocaust collected by local Jewish historical committees in Bialystok, Katowice, Krakow, Lublin, Lodz, and Warsaw. While most of the testimonies are undated, the majority date from 1945, with some as early as 1944. The testimonies are written mostly in Polish and Yiddish, with a few in German. Many follow a format of giving basic biographical information about the eyewitness, followed with his or her wartime experience, often in rough chronological order, focusing mainly on time spent in ghettos, in various camps, in hiding, and with the partisans.

Folders: 349

Subseries 1: Polish Testimonies 1944-1946

This subseries contains the majority of the Holocaust testimonies that were collected soon after the war under the auspices of Hirszhaut in his position as the honorary President of the Jewish Committee in Warsaw. Most of the testimonies are in Polish, although there are also a few testimonies in German, which are indicated in the notes.

Folders: 275

Folder 1: Abraham, Salomon undated: Born 1919 in Amsterdam
Was in Conrad in Orelysen , Holland ; Westerbork ; Sachlau ; and Blechhammer camps
1 pg.
Folder 2: Ausuebel, Dawid undated: Was in Plaszow camp
1 pg.
Folder 3: Auerbach, Maks undated: Born 1919 in Tarnopol
Was in Belzec camp
1 pg.
Folder 3A: Urwicz, Filip undated: Born 1908 in Kowno
Tells about the partisans in Belarus
4 pgs.
Folder 3B: Ajdelman, Genia 18-May-45: Born 1924 in Lubartow
Was in Belzyce , Budzyn , Pustkow , Majdanek , and Birkenau camps
3 pgs.
Folder 4: Altman, Salomon undated: Born 1929 in Czestochowa
Was a partisan in Pilica
1 pg.
Folder 5: Alster, Israel undated: Born 1915 in Czechoslovakia
Was in Rymanow , Plaszow , and Wieliczka camps
2 pgs.
Folder 5A: Alfiner, Dawid undated: Born 1929 in Oksza
Was a partisan
1 pg.
Folder 6: Amiel, Szymon undated: Born 1907 in Bialystok
Was employed in digging up the victims from mass graves
2 pgs.
Folder 6A: Anonymous undated: Was a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 6B: Anonymous undated: Tells about the activities of the United Partisan Organization (Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye-FPO) in Wilno
2 pgs.
Folder 7: Anonymous undated: Tells about the liquidation of the orphanage in Lublin
2 pgs.
Folder 8: Anonymous undated: Tells about the liquidation of 140 Jews in Tyniec nad Skawina
1 pg.
Folder 9: Anonymous undated: Memoirs of the Warszawa ghetto
4 pgs.
Folder 10: Anonymous undated: On the Danzig Jewish community in the years 1920-1945
German
2 pgs.
Folder 11: Anonymous 15-Apr-45: On the situation of the Jews in Upper Silesia after 1939
1 pg.
Folder 12: Anonymous 20-Aug-44: On the liquidation of the ghetto in Staszow
27 pgs.
Folder 13: Anonymous undated: Interview from Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto
Tells how Jewish children used to use the sewers to exit the ghetto and receive food from Polish families
1 pg.
Folder 14: Anonymous undated: About the camp in Zschachwitz where, among others, there were 450 Jews who were employed in the Muehlen Industrie A.G. factory producing tanks
1 pg.
Folder 15: Anonymous undated: Chronicle of the Zionist Youth Organization in the Lodz ghetto, Hazit Dor Bnei Midbar
19 pgs.
Folder 16: Anonymous undated: Interview from Warszawa
1 pg.
Folder 17: Anonymous 30-Jun-44: Exhumation of Jewish bodies in Zbaraz
German
1 pg.
Folder 18: Anonymous (Bejlin, Stefa Zebrala) undated: Was living near Warszawa with Aryan identity papers
Relates an episode of her life
3 pgs.
Folder 19: Akerman, Lea undated: Born 1924 in Kowno
Was in Kowno and Riga ghettos and Kaiserwald and Stutthof camps
Describes the Judenrat in the Kowno ghetto, the Jewish police and the Lithuanian military and police
11 pg.
Folder 19A: Boguszewska undated: Tells about the Jewish children's home in Lublin
3 pgs.
Folder 20: Bouscholbe, Dorita undated: Born 1910 in The Hague
Was in Westerbork and Birkenau camps
1 pg.
Folder 20A: Bakalczuk, Mejlach undated: Tells about the heroic fight of the Jews in the shtetls Lachwa and Szczuczyn
2 pgs.
Folder 21: Barasz, Chana undated: Her journey from Warszawa to Treblinka
Later was in the forest near Szepietowka
3 pgs.
Folder 22: Boruchowicz, Maksymiljan 18-May-45: Born 1909 in Krakow
Describes the situation of the Jews in Lwow in the time of the German occupation
3 pgs.
Folder 23: Bart, Marta 8-Aug-45: Born 1907 in Mir
Was in Swierzen camp
Was later a partisan in the Belarus forest
2 pgs.
Folder 24: Borenstein-Affenkraut, Gusta 14-May-45: Born 1917 in Krakow
Was in the Tarnow ghetto and Plaszow , Auschwitz-Birkenau and Lichtwerden camps
3 pgs.
Folder 25: Borensztein, Joel undated: Was in Auschwitz
2 pgs.
Folder 26: Bojm, Mojsze undated: Born 1908 in Radom
Tells about the Jewish community in Radom in the years 1939-1945
4 pgs.
Folder 27: Buksztein, Szymon undated: Born 1906 in Kutno
Was in the Kutno ghetto and Leczyca , Gniezno , Inowroclaw , Posen , Andrzejow , and Auschwitz camps
1 pg.
Folder 27A: Biber, Lejbisz and Fejga undated: About the Biber family during the time of the German occupation in Ostrorog
5 pgs.
Folder 28: Biezuner, Estera undated: Was in the Warszawa ghetto
2 pgs.
Folder 28A: Bielski, Anatol (Tuvia) undated: Born 1906 in Stankiewicze
Tells how he organized partisan groups in the Naliboki Forest
2 pgs.
Folder 29: Birenbaum, Michal undated: Born in Lipsko
Was in Auschwitz camp
4 pgs.
Folder 30: Birenbaum [Tenebaum], Mordka 1-Jun-45: [Last name appears to be Tenebaum]
Born 1918 in Warszawa
Was in Auschwitz-Birkenau camp
2 pgs.
Folder 31: Blut, Tadeusz undated: Born 1925 in Jaslo
Lived with Aryan identity papers
1 pg.
Folder 32: Blezowska-Turek, Bronislawa undated: Born 1922 in Karpilowice
Was a partisan
1 pg.
Folder 33: Berand, Matys 10-Jul-45: Born 1910 in Lodz
Was in the Danzig and Lodz ghettos and in Auschwitz , Watenstedt , Ravensbrueck and Ludwigslust camps
German
2 pgs.
Folder 34: Bergman, Szyja undated: Worked in a military factory in Rzeszow during the occupation
1 pg.
Folder 35: Berman, Sara 13-Jul-45: Born 1922 in Kowno
Was in the Kowno ghetto and Stutthof camp
German
2 pgs.
Folder 36: Berkowicz, Berko undated: Born 1888 in Stolpce
Was in the Stolpce ghetto and Baranowicze camp
Escaped from the camp and hid in the Naliboki Forest
Tells how the Soviet partisans killed the Jews who hid in the forest
6 pgs.
Folder 37: Bratspiel, Fryderyka undated: Born 1929 in Lwow
Was in the Lwow ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 38: Broner, Hersz undated: Born 1930 in Krasnik
Was in the Krasnik ghetto and Budzyn camp
Was later a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 38A: Brejzel, Aron undated: Born 1907 in Goraj , Bilgoraj County
Was in the Zolkiewka ghetto
Was later a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 39: Goldberg, Izak undated: Born in Rozan
Was in Wolkowysk and Auschwitz-Birkenau camps
2 pgs.
Folder 40: Goldfand, Fima undated: Born 1925 in Berezow
Was a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 40A: Goldberg, Szymon 16-Jul-45: Born 1914 in Warszawa
Was in the Czestochowa ghetto and Treblinka camp
Was later a partisan
4 pgs.
Folder 41: Goldfinger undated: Born in Brzesko
Was in the Montelupich Prison in Krakow
2 pgs.
Folder 42: Goldsztajn, Dr. undated: Born in Pruzana
Was in the Pruzana and Naleczow ghettos
4 pgs.
Folder 43: Goldszmit, Zygmunt undated: Born in 1908 in Dubienka
Was in the Krakow ghetto and Auschwitz-Birkenau camp
Tells about the round-up in December 1939 in the Kazimierz quarter of Krakow
2 pgs.
Folder 44: Gorodejskaja, Estera 9-Aug-45: Born 1888 in Kryniczna
Was in the Belarus forest
3 pgs.
Folder 45: Gutman, Mojzesz 18-May-45: Born 1913
Was a partisan in the forest near Kozy and Bujakow
3 pgs.
Folder 45A: Gusser, Walter undated: Was in the Wilno ghetto
Was later a partisan
10 pgs.
Folder 46: Glod, Piotr 25-Jul-45: Born 1877 in Grochowice
Tells about Jewish partisans to whom he gave food and arms
1 pg.
Folder 47: Gewuerz, Anni 26-Jun-45: Born 1924 in Leipzig
Was in the Riga ghetto and the Stutthof and Kokoschken camps
German
2 pgs.
Folder 47A: Gerliczanski, Icchok undated: Born 1908 in Sandomierz
Tells about the situation of the Jews in Sandomierz in 1939
4 pgs.
Folder 48: Gielczynska, Romana undated: Born 1921 in Warszawa
Lived with Aryan identity papers
21 pgs.
Folder 49: Gertler, Leonka 21-Jul-44: Born 1923 in Krakow
Tells about the destruction of the Jews in Debica
7 pgs.
Folder 50: Gerszunio, Mojsze 15-Jul-45: Born 1910 in Bialystok
Was in the Bialystok ghetto
Was employed in digging up the victims from mass graves
6 pgs.
Folder 51: Grabel, Chaim undated: Was in the Belzyce ghetto, Wieliczka Salt Mine, and Budzyn and Flossenbuerg camps
3 pgs.
Folder 52: Gross, Naftali (Natan) undated: Lived with Aryan identity papers in Krakow , Warszawa and various small towns
Describes the situation of the Jews on the Aryan side
33 pgs.
Folder 53: Gruber, Mieczyslaw undated: Born 1913 in Podhajce
Was a prisoner of war in Stalag XII-A in Langwasser [the POW camp at Langwasser-Nuremberg appears to have been Stalag XIII-D], Stalag V-A in Ludwigsburg , Stalag VIII-A in Goerlitz , and in Lublin
Was also a partisan
11 pgs.
Folder 54: Gruber, Nuta 6-Nov-44: Born 1888 in Dubienka
Was in the Kamien Koszyrski and in the forest
2 pgs.
Folder 55: Gryn [Meryn] Family undated: [Last name appears to be Meryn]
See also folder 136
Whole family was born in Bedzin
Family spent the period of the occupation in Bedzin
11 pgs.
Folder 56: Gruenbaum, Emil undated: Born 1912 in Cieszyn
Was in the Jaworzno ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 57: Grinsberg, Jakob undated: Born 1928 in Radziwillow
Was in the Radziwillow and Brody ghettos
1 pg.
Folder 58: Grynszpan, Chana undated: Born 1922 in Wilno
Was in the Wilno ghetto, Kaiserwald camp in Riga and Stutthof camp
4 pgs.
Folder 59: Grynszpan, Mojsze undated: Born 1911 in Kielce
Was in Skarzysko Kamienna and Czestochowa camps where he worked in HASAG ammunitions factories
Describes the last days of one of the camps and gives names of Nazi murderers
2 pgs.
Folder 59A: Dabrowski, Benjamin undated: Born 1916 in Dereczyn
Tells about the ghetto in Dereczyn and about the partisans in the Dereczyn region
9 pgs.
Folder 60: Holaender, M. undated: Describes the evacuation of the Jews from Wieliczka
3 pgs.
Folder 61: Honigman, Hela 8-Jul-45: Born 1920 in Bedzin
Was in the Bedzin ghetto and Gleiwitz camp
6 pgs.
Folder 61A: Harndorf, Feliks undated: Born 1915 in Krakow
Tells about the activities of the Polish Workers' Party (Polska Partia Robotnicza, PPR) in the Krakow ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 62: Horniak, Marian undated: Born 1899 in Bursztyn
Was in Tarnow during the occupation, helped to rescue Jews
2 pgs.
Folder 63: Hirsz, Paulina undated: Born 1902
Lived with Aryan identity papers in Wieliczka , Krakow , Lwow , and Warszawa
2 pgs.
Folder 63A: Hirszhaut, Hanka Mar-46: Was in the Warszawa ghetto
Tells about the round-ups in September 1942 on Mila Street in Warszawa
4 pgs.
Folder 64: Hecht, Bodo 25-Jun-45: Born 1922 in Danzig
Was in the Neugarten Prison
German
1 pg.
Folder 65: Hecht, Jozef undated: Born 1920 in Lapanow
Hid with Poles in various villages
2 pgs.
Folder 66: Heller, Martin undated: Born 1895 in Lehota , Slovakia
Was transported to Hungary , then to Trzebinia
1 pg.
Folder 66A: Hering, Itka undated: Born 1924 in Zamosc
Was in the Zamosc ghetto
Was later a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 67: Wowsi, Lila undated: Born 1898 in Subala , Latvia
Was in camps in Riga , Stutthof , and Torun
4 pgs.
Folder 68: Wojtysiak, Stanislaw undated: Born 1909 in Kutno
Was a driver for the police in the Kutno ghetto
1 pg.
Folder 68A: Wolfgang, Adolf undated: Was in the Szebnie camp
Was later a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 69: Wassersztein, Szmul undated: Born 1923 in Jedwabne
Tells about the liquidation of the Jews in Jedwabne
1 pg.
Folder 70: Wargon, Uszer (Aleksander) undated: Born 1926 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto
Later lived with Aryan identity papers
1 pg.
Folder 71: Wahrhaftig, Salomon undated: Born 1912 in Lublin
Was a partisan in Belarus
2 pgs.
Folder 72: Wasilewski, Jerzy undated: Was forced to dig mass graves in the Ponary Massacre and to burn the bodies of the victims
1 pg.
Folder 73: Wulf, Jozef undated: Was in the Krakow and Bochnia ghettos
1 pg.
Folder 73A: Wittelson, Chaim 14-Jul-45: Born 1914 in Sosnowiec
Was in the Zloczow ghetto, afterwards he hid
2 pgs.
Folder 74: Wajcman, Antoni 1-Jun-45: Born 1885 in Warszawa
Tells how he hid Jews
2 pgs.
Folder 75: Weinheber, Elza undated: Born in Krakow
Was in Vienna , the Riga ghetto, and Stutthof and Baumgarten, East Prussia camps
2 pgs.
Folder 76: Wejcberg, N. 20-Jul-45: Conducted sabotage through the Jews in concentration camps in Maslowice and Goerlitz
2 pgs.
Folder 77: Wettman, Salomon undated: Born 1924 in Czestochowa
Tells about the Jewish Fighting Organization in Pilica (ZOB)
1 pg.
Folder 78: Vera, Berta undated: Born 1923 in Berechowo, Hungary
Was in the Berechowo ghetto and Auschwitz and Beizenburg camps
1 pg.
Folder 79: Werbliner, Tauba undated: Born 1905 in Kowno
Was in the Kowno ghetto and Stutthof , Baumgarten , Lubicz and Cieszyn camps
3 pgs.
Folder 80: Wroblewski, Stanislaw undated: Born 1901 in Czestochowa
Tells about American identity papers for Jews in the Hotel Polski in Warszawa
1 pg.
Folder 81: Zawistowska/Sonnabend undated: Born 1918 in Warszawa
Tells about the liquidation of the Warszawa ghetto
1 pg.
Folder 82: Zamsztejn, Zofia undated: Born 1923 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto, Pawiak Prison and Gesiowka camp, a camp for Greek, Hungarian and French Jews
14 pgs.
Folder 82A: Zakuski, Icek 12-Nov-45: Born 1918 in Ossowa
Was a partisan
3 pg.
Folder 83: Zarecki, Lejzor undated: Born 1881 in Stolpce
Was in the Stolpce ghetto
Was later a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 84: Siegman, Joanna undated: Born 1927
Was in Sosnowiec ghetto and Neustadt and Gruenberg camps
1 pg.
Folder 85: Zylberberg, Jakob and others undated: Born in Tuczyn
Was in the Tuczyn ghetto
8 pgs.
Folder 86: Seidner, Jakub undated: Born 1899 in Bedzin
Was in Reigersfeld and Blechhammer camps
2 pgs.
Folder 87: Zarnowiecka, Zofia undated: Born 1910 in Lublin
Tells about the execution of Jews in a shtetl not far from Wilno
3 pgs.
Folder 88: Zurawski, Mieczyslaw undated: Born 1910 in Klodawa
Was in the Lodz ghetto and Chelmno camp
5 pgs.
Folder 89: Zmigrod, Helena undated: Tells about Jews employed in German workshops
2 pgs.
Folder 90: Ziemianski, Jan undated: Tells about Pustkow , a training camp for the SS and SS-Gallizien divisions
After 1942, it was a camp for Jews and Poles
4 pgs.
Folder 91: Tabaksblat, Izrael undated: Was in the Lodz ghetto
5 pgs.
Folder 92: Taubenblatt, Rena undated: Born 1922 in Krakow
Was in Plaszow , Skarzysko Kamienna and Leipzig camps
5 pgs.
Folder 93: Tauber, Hirsch undated: Born 1917 in Chrzanow
Was in the Krakow ghetto, Montelupich Prison , and Auschwitz-Birkenau camp
3 pgs.
Folder 94: Taustein, Benjamin undated: Born 1896 in Boryslaw
Was a prisoner of war in camps in Hungary and Germany , including Nagykanizsa , Zalaszentgrot , Mosdos , Namesmikola , Szombathely , Esterhase , Kaisersteinbrueck , and Luckenwalde
2 pgs.
Folder 95: Tarlaga, Dr. Jan undated: Tells about the situation of the Jews in Mielec in the time of the German occupation
2 pgs.
Folder 96: Tell, Leib undated: Born 1899 in Rutki
Was in the Rutki ghetto
Was later in the forest near Grodek Jagiellonski
2 pgs.
Folder 96A: Tempelhof, Basia undated: Was in the Czestochowa ghetto
6 pgs.
Folder 97: Tesse, Marceli undated: Born 1936 in Tarnow
Was in the Tarnow ghetto and Plaszow , Gross Rosen and Auschwitz-Birkenau camps
4 pgs.
Folder 98: Terkel, Anna undated: Born 1918 in Tarnopol
Was in the Tarnow ghetto
Later lived with Aryan identity papers
2 pgs.
Folder 99: Truskier, Eugenia undated: Born 1914 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto and in a prison, although she does not say which prison
Describes the organization and activities of the Jewish police in the Warszawa ghetto, the activities of the Judenrat and the liquidation of the Jews until the uprising of 19 April 1943
8 pgs.
Folder 100: Trenczek, Hans-Wolfgang undated: Born 1924 in Bytom
Was in Bytom
Was later in a camp in France , although he does not say which one
German
1 pg.
Folder 101: Czapnik, Bernard undated: Born 1908 in Krakow
Was in the Bochnia ghetto and Jaslo and Auschwitz camps
2 pgs.
Folder 101A: Czerwonka, Leon undated: Born 1933 in Warszawa
He and his parents were partisans
1 pg.
Folder 102: Jablot, Marcel undated: Born 1924 in Paris
Was in a camp in Paris , Auschwitz and Fuerstengrube camps
1 pg.
Folder 103: Janowski, Bryskier undated: Describes the situation in Warszawa during the German occupation
10 pgs.
Folder 104: Janczewski, Stefan undated: Born 1905 in Kutno
Tells about the ghetto in Kutno
1 pg.
Folder 105: Janiszewska, Michalina undated: Tells how she hid a Jewish child
2 pgs.
Folder 106: Josilewicz, Monus undated: Born 1924 in Nowy Swierzen
Was in the Nowy Swierzen ghetto
Was later a partisan in the Belarus forest
1 pg.
Folder 107: Josefson, Guta undated: Born 1927 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto and in Majdanek , Skarzysko and Czestochowa camps
2 pgs.
Folder 108: Joskowicz, Dawid undated: Poems, articles and a handwritten newspaper written in the Lodz ghetto
Photographs
30pgs.
Folder 109: Jakubowicz, Luzer undated: Born 1903 in Kutno
Was in the Kutno ghetto and Zychlin and Auschwitz camps
1 pg.
Folder 109A: Kahane, Dawid undated: Born 1917 in Rzepiennik
Was in Rzepiennik , not far from Goerlitz
2 pgs.
Folder 110: Cholawski, Szulim undated: Born 1914 in Nieswiez
Was in the Nieswiez ghetto
2 pgs.
Folder 110A: Chorzko, M. 5-Oct-44: Tells about the conditions in the Treblinka camp
2 pgs.
Folder 110B: Charchas, Szloma undated: Born 1918 in Mir
Tells about Oswald Shmuel Rufeisen, an interpreter with the Mir German police
7 pgs.
Folder 111: Chryzman, Ilie; Feinstein, Marek; Fenigstein, Henryk; Gruberg, Aleksander undated: "The Fate of the Jews After Their Displacement from Warsaw, April 1943"
4 pgs.
Folder 112: Lachowiecki, Mojsze undated: Born 1882 in Holowno
Was in the Nieswiez ghetto
2 pgs.
Folder 113: Landsman, Anna undated: Born in Jaroslaw
Lived with Aryan identity papers
1 pg.
Folder 114: Lahrhaft, Leonard undated: Born 1924 in Oswiecim
Was in Auschwitz and Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg camps
2 pgs.
Folder 115: Lubasz, Marceli undated: Born 1922 in Rzeszow
Was in the Lwow jail and Janowska , Gross Rosen , Mauthausen , and Oranienburg camps
8 pgs.
Folder 116: Lieberman, Erwin undated: Born in Bielsko
Was a partisan
1 pg.
Folder 117: Lederman, Jerzy 14-Sep-44: Born 1904 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto
Later lived with Aryan identity papers
4 pgs.
Folder 118: Lewinski May-45: "The First Attack," about April 19, 1943 in the Warszawa ghetto
1 pg.
Folder 119: Leslau, Ida undated: Born 1894 in Bedzin
Was in Bedzin and Sosnowiec
4 pgs.
Folder 120: Lejman, Marja undated: Born 1895 in Krakow
Tells how her Jewish husband died
1 pg.
Folder 121: Lesniowska, Bronislawa 1-Aug-45: Born 1926 in Tarnow
Tells about the conditions in the Nordwerk Factory where Jewish women worked
2 pgs.
Folder 121A: Mozdzierz undated: Born in Tomaszow
Tells how he helped Jews in Krakow
1 pg.
Folder 122: Maczak, Chil (Yehiel) undated: Born 1901 in Konskowola
Was in the Belchatow ghetto, worked for the Ollendorf firm in Wrzesnia and Gutenbrunn , and in Birkenau camp
7 pgs.
Folder 123: Mansdorf, Josek May-45: Born 1931 in Tarnow
Was in the Tarnow ghetto
He Later was in hiding
5 pgs.
Folder 124: Mass, Anna undated: Born 1922 in Przemysl
Hid in a bunker
2 pgs.
Folder 125: Markus, Eugeniusz undated: Tells about the Bloody Sunday in Bydgoszcz , September 1, 1939
There was no ghetto in Bydgoszcz , some Jews were killed and some were displaced
1 pg.
Folder 126: Markiewicz, Chaja undated: Born 1920 in Grodzisk
Was in the Warszawa ghetto and Treblinka camp
Later escaped from the camp and hid
1 pg.
Folder 127: Moszkowicz, Zenek undated: Born 1923 in Wloclawek
Was in the Wloclawek ghetto
1 pg.
Folder 128: Munk, Benedykt 1-Jun-45: Was in the Lwow ghetto
Later lived with Aryan identity papers in Warszawa and in Grodzisk Mazowiecki
5 pgs.
Folder 129: Miodownik, Bina undated: Born 1915 in Sosnowiec
Was in the Sosnowiec ghetto
Escaped the ghetto and hid in a bunker in the mountains, then returned to the ghetto, ran away and hid again
1 pg.
Folder 130: Miodowski, Jakub undated: Born 1921 in Warszawa
Was in the Pawiak Prison
3 pgs.
Folder 131: Mitlak, Kuba 13-May-45: Born 1926 in Warszawa
Was in Majdanek camp
1 pg.
Folder 131A: Majzels, Greta undated: Born 1924 in Bielsko
Was in Freiburg , Schlesin , Egelsdorf , Friedeberg , and Kratzau camps
4 pgs.
Folder 132: Munzer, Efroim undated: Born 1928
Was in Krakow and Stalowa Wola camp
1 pg.
Folder 133: Miszczak, A. undated: Tells about the killed Jews from Poland and other countries in the forest near Chelmno
2 pgs.
Folder 134: Mejor, Jozef 5-Aug-45: Born 1925 in Lodz
Was in the Lodz ghetto and Dresden camp
3 pgs.
Folder 135: Meri, Moszek 10-May-45: Born 1914 in Bedzin
Hid in a bunker and an attic in Bedzin during the occupation
1 pg.
Folder 136: Meryn Family undated: See also folder 55
Whole family was born in Bedzin
Family hid in Bedzin and the surrounding area
Tells about the displaced Jews in Bedzin and experiences of the Jews hidden in bunkers and with Poles
12 pgs.
Folder 137: Metz, Zelda undated: Born 1925 in Siedliszcze
Was in Siedliszcze and Staw ghettos and Sobibor camp
Describes the Judenrat in Siedliszcze
5 pgs.
Folder 138: Neuman, Aleksander undated: Born 1907 in Gorlice
Was a prisoner of war at the Varmos-Skola ? camp in Hungary
1 pg.
Folder 139: Nieser [Wieser], Gina 31-May-45: [Last name appears to be Wieser]
Born 1916 in Boryslaw
Was in the Boryslaw ghetto and Kratzau camp, a subcamp of Gross Rosen
7 pgs.
Folder 140: Najberg, Leon (Marjan) undated: Fragment of a book of memoirs, titled "Gruzowej 16 April 1943-26 September 1943"
22 pgs.
Folder 141: Najdra, Jan 29-May-45: Tells about a house search carried out by the Gestapo in the Jewish quarter in Krakow 5-6 December 1939 (document says 1929)
1 pg.
Folder 141A: Suzan, Szymon 16-Nov-45: Born 1911 in Wilno
Was a prisoner of war in East Prussia , and was in camps in Biala Podlaska , Konskowola , Budzyn , Wieliczka , Flossenbuerg , and Mauthausen-Gusen
2 pgs.
Folder 142: Stuczynska, Lucja 26-Jun-45: Born 1926
Was in the Kutno ghetto and in camps in Konstancja , Strzegowo , Plock , and Gabin
8 pgs.
Folder 143: Strykowski, Gerszon undated: Born 1922 in Piotrkow Trybunalski
Was in camps in Pionki , Cieszanow and Gliwice
3 pgs.
Folder 144: Setner, Jozef undated: Born 1908 in Niepolomice
Was in the Montelupich Prison in Krakow and Auschwitz-Birkenau , Mauthausen , and Dachau camps
2 pgs.
Folder 145: Skoczylas, Eljasz undated: Born 1916 in Strzemieszyce
Was in the Bedzin ghetto and Auschwitz-Birkenau camp
2 pgs.
Folder 146: Sragowicz 2-Jul-45: Born 1898 in Nieswiez
Was in Baranowicze and Koldyczewo camps
2 pgs.
Folder 147: Edelman, Zalman undated: Was in the Bialystok ghetto
1 pg.
Folder 148: Ettinger, Wilhelm undated: Born 1903 in Debica
Was in Lwow , in the Montelupich Prison in Krakow and in the Pustkow and Oranienburg camps
6 pgs.
Folder 148A: Etkin, Szloma undated: Was in the Wilno ghetto
Organized underground resistance in Warszawa and Bialystok
4 pgs.
Folder 149: Epsztejn, Estera undated: Born 1921 in Lodz
Was in the Lodz ghetto and Stutthof camp
3 pgs.
Folder 150: Fabiszewicz, Wolf 23-Jul-45: Born 1924 in Lodz
Was in the Lodz ghetto and Auschwitz , Braunschweig , Ravensbrueck and Ludwigslust camps
3 pgs.
Folder 151: Podchlebnik-Podchmielnik, Salomon 15-Nov-44: Born 1907 in Kolo Poznanskie
Was in Kolo Poznanskie and the Izbica ghetto
Ran away from the ghetto and hid in the forest and with Poles
In the Izbica ghetto were Jews from Holland , Belgium , Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
5 pgs.
Folder 152: Poller, Herman undated: Born 1921 in Przemysl
Was in Szebnie , Auschwitz-Birkenau , and Fuerstengrube camps
3 pgs.
Folder 153: Popiol, Motek 10-May-45: Born 1923 in Zuromin
Was in the Ciechanow ghetto and Auschwitz camp
3 pgs.
Folder 153A: Pacanowski, Szmul undated: Belonged to the leadership of Hashomer Hatzair in Lwow during the German occupation
6 pgs.
Folder 154: Potzenbaum [Petzenbaum], Abraham undated: [Last name appears to be Petzenbaum]
Born 1895 in Kalwaria
Was in the Krakow ghetto and Liszki , Plaszow , Gross Rosen , Langenbielau , Reichenbach and Fuenfteichen camps
3 pgs.
Folder 155: Pinczuk, Izrael undated: Born 1909 in Glinny , near Rokitno Lubartowskie
Was a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 156: Pinczewska, Basia 11-Aug-45: Born 1911 in Stolpce
Was in the Stolpce ghetto
Was later a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 157: Pinkus, Oskar undated: Poems that express sadness for the murdered Jews, including a poem about the uprising and death of the Warszawa ghetto
21 pgs.
Folder 158: Pejsach, Hanka 13-May-45: Born 1923 in Czestochowa
Was in the Czestochowa ghetto and Gleiwitz camp
Later lived with Aryan identity papers
1 pg.
Folder 159: Perlowicz, Borys undated: Born 190? in Rokitno
Was a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 160: Perelman, Nuchem undated: Born 1907 in Parczew Lubelski
Was in the Parczew ghetto
Escaped to Sokolow where he received Aryan papers from the Polish Socialist Party (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna-PPS)
Was in the Stargard Szczecinski and, briefly, Pilica ? work camps
Tells of the liquidation of Jewish prisoners of war in a forest not far from Parczew
2 pgs.
Folder 161: Fuchs, Ignatz undated: Born 1887 in Bytom
Sent on a work transport to Bielsko , Ostwald and Rositz
German
1 pg.
Folder 162: Fingel, Johanna undated: Born 1924 in Krakow
Was in Aschersleben , not far from Magdeburg
2 pgs.
Folder 163: Finger, Michal undated: Born 1916 in Jaroslaw
Was in Lammersdorf , Brzeg , Gleiwitz , and Majdanek camps
1 pg.
Folder 164: Fiszgarten, Daniel undated: Born 1909 in Busko
Was in the Busko ghetto and Kielce , Skarzysko , Flossenbuerg , and Mauthausen camps
4 pgs.
Folder 165: Fajgenbaum, Mojsze Josef undated: Born in Biala Podlaska
Was in the Biala Podlaska ghetto and Treblinka camp
Describes the conditions of the Jews in Biala Podlaska and also the shtetl Lomazy
5 pgs.
Folder 166: Fajerajzen, Szulim 13-May-45: Born 1919 in Sedziszow
Tells how he escaped from the transport when he was being moved from a camp to Germany
1 pg.
Folder 167: Ferri, Luigi 21-Apr-45: Born 1932 in Milan
Was in Auschwitz with his grandmother, who was of Jewish descent
8 pgs.
Folder 167A: Frandowa, Helena 8-May-45: Was in the Krakow ghetto and Plaszow and Ravensbrueck camps
3 pgs.
Folder 168: Frosz, Mendel undated: Was in the Lodz ghetto
Describes the activities of the police, the General Curfew (Allgemeine Gehsperre) campaign of September 1942 and the liquidation of the ghetto
12 pgs.
Folder 169: Fruch[t]feld, Izak undated: Born 1919
Was in Warszawa and Lublin , Deblin and Czestochowa camps
5 pgs.
Folder 169A: Frydman, Henryk 26-Aug-45: Portraits of the Warszawa ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 170: Fridman, Fajwel 22-May-45: Born 1922 in Radom
Was in Radom , in the forest around the city, and in Belzyce and Ciechanow camps
3 pgs.
Folder 171: Frejszer [Flejszer], Juljan undated: [Last name appears to be Flejszer]
Describes the camp in Rozwadow
11 pgs.
Folder 172: Cudzinowsa, Estera undated: Born 1924 in Dzialoszyce
Hid during the occupation
1 pg.
Folder 173: Zwergel, Sussmann undated: Describes the Jewish community in Katowice during the German occupation
German
3 pgs.
Folder 174: Cygler, Tamara undated: Born 1935 in Bedzin
Hid with Poles
2 pgs.
Folder 175: Zimmler, D. 17-May-45: Born 1913 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto
Later was in hiding
3 pgs.
Folder 176: Zierer, Edyta undated: Born 1923 in Katowice
Was in the Wieliczka and Krakow ghettos and Bierzanow , Plaszow , Skarzysko and Czestochowa camps
1 pg.
Folder 177: Kahan, Rachel undated: See also folder 179
Born 1903 in Mielec
Was in the Kolomyja and Bedzin ghettos and Eichtal camp
3 pgs.
Folder 178: Kowalski, Roman 31-Jul-45: Born 1907 in Lodz
Was in Warszawa during the occupation
Tells how he provided arms for the Warszawa ghetto and how he led the leader of the Bund and others out through the sewers
2 pgs.
Folder 178A: Kaufman, M. undated: Tells about the execution of the representative of the Jewish Committee in Belchatow
3 pgs.
Folder 179: Kahan, Marcel [Rachel] undated: [First name appears to be Rachel]
See also folder 177
Born 1903 in Mielec
Was in Eichtal camp
1 pg.
Folder 180: Konopinski, Zygmunt 13-May-45: Born 1925 in Sosnowiec
Was in the Cosel camp
1 pg.
Folder 181: Konopko, Judel undated: Born 1878 in Nowy Dwor
Was in Woronowo
2 pgs.
Folder 182: Kalach, Ozjasz undated: Was in Tarnobrzeg (Dzikow) and Sandomierz , and Rozwadow , Debica , Flossenbuerg , Colmar , Gamel , and Oranienburg camps
Tells about the situation of the Jews in Tarnobrzeg in October 1939
3 pgs.
Folder 182A: Kos, Nachum undated: Was a partisan
2 pgs.
Folder 183: Kapota, Jakob 7-Jul-45: Born 1894 in Wloclawek
Was in the Krakow ghetto and in Montelupich Prison
1 pg.
Folder 184: Koppel, Jizchak undated: Born 1925 in Moers
Was in Neudorf and Auschwitz camps
2 pgs.
Folder 184A: Katz, Szlojme undated: Was a partisan
1 pg.
Folder 185: Korn, Nachman undated: Was in the Lublin ghetto and Ostrowiec and Czestochowa camps
8 pgs.
Folder 186: Kosinski, Jozef (non-Jewish) undated: Born 1905 in Krakow
He was involved with anti-German activites and was connected with Jews
1 pg.
Folder 187: Kubowitzki, Moris undated: Born 1909
Lived in Belgium
Was in Malines , Birkenau , Guenthergrube , and Gleiwitz camps
Describes the situation of the Jews in Belgium
3 pgs.
Folder 187A: Kurek, Marta undated: Born 1902 in Witamowice
Tells about the district magistrate Siegfried Schmidt
1 pg.
Folder 188: Kirszt, Wolf undated: Born 1915 in Belzyce
Was in Budzyn , Majdanek , Auschwitz , and Gleiwitz camps
1 pg.
Folder 189: Kisielewski, Mieczyslaw undated: Born 1910 in Kutno
Was in Kutno for the whole time of the occupation
Tells about the situation of the Jews in the city
1 pg.
Folder 190: Klugman, Aleksander 21-Jul-45: Born 1925 in Lodz
Tells about the conditions in the Kaufering camp in the Landsberg district
3 pgs.
Folder 190A: Kleinman, Jankiel 10-Sep-44: Born 1928 in Kozienice
Was in the Lodz ghetto and in Turbin
Was later a partisan and the Polish National Armed Forces (Narodowe Sily Zbrojne-NSZ)
4 pgs.
Folder 191: Kleinman, Mordechaj undated: Born 1930 in Ludwipol
Hid with Poles
Was later a partisan together with 15 other Jewish children
2 pgs.
Folder 192: Klein, Marta 1-Sep-44: Was in the Wilno and Bialystok ghettos
Later was in hiding
1 pg.
Folder 193: Knap, Ludwika undated: Born 1911 in Rotterdam
Was in Amsterdam and Westerbork and Birkenau camps
1 pg.
Folder 194: Rozmaryn, Maksymiljan undated: Born 1924 in Siemianowice
Was in Bedzin ghetto and Auschwitz and Sachsenhausen camps as a medical experiment
2 pgs.
Folder 195: Rozen, Izrael 24-May-45: See also folder 199A
Born 1913 in Dabrowa Gornicza
Was in the Dabrowa Gornicza ghetto and Auschwitz and Guenthergrube camps
Tells about the liquidation of the ghettos in Dabrowa Gornicza , Bedzin and Sosnowiec
4 pgs.
Folder 196: Rozenbaum, Tuwia 10-Jun-45: Born 1905 in Skala
Was in the Sosnowiec ghetto and Sakrau camp
Escaped through Lwow and Hungary to France
Deported to Malapane and Blechhammer camps
2 pgs.
Folder 197: Rozenblat, Henryk undated: Born 1919 in Siewierz
Was in Auschwitz-Birkenau and Lagisza camps
2 pgs.
Folder 198: Rozenberg, Ela undated: Born 1924 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto can Treblinka camp
2 pgs.
Folder 199: Rozencwajg, Jan undated: Born 1916 in Bedzin
Was in the Bedzin ghetto
Tells about the founding of a Jewish firemen's organization
5 pgs.
Folder 199A: Rozen, Izrael 24-May-45: See also folder 195
Born 1913 in Dabrowa Gornicza
Was in Dabrowa Gornicza and Sosnowiec ghettos and Auschwitz camp
4 pgs.
Folder 200: Rotman [Retman], Jakub undated: [Last name appears to be Retman]
Born 1916 in Bedzin
Was in the Bedzin ghetto and Gruenberg and Kittlitztreben camps
2 pgs.
Folder 201: Rotner, Eliasz undated: Born 1898 in Stryj
Was in Krakow , Lwow and Warszawa
3 pgs.
Folder 201A: Rotenberg, Symcha undated: Handwritten chronicle of the town of Staszow in 1939-1945
13 pgs.
Folder 202: Ros, Jerzy undated: Born 1919 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto and Auschwitz camp
5 pgs.
Folder 202A: Ratzer, Chaim; Kartuz, Dudek; Solonojcowna, Tamara undated: Were in the Wilno ghetto
2 pgs.
Folder 203: Rubin, Efraim undated: Born in Przemysl
Describes the destruction of the Jews in Rabka
2 pgs.
Folder 203A: Rozycka, Maryla undated: Tells about the activities of the Anti-Fascist Committee in Bialystok
7 pgs.
Folder 204: Ruf, Helena undated: Born 1928 in Kety
Was in Freiburg , Sucha , Wieprz , Egelsdorf , Rohrdorf , and Kratzau camps
2 pgs.
Folder 205: Rusinek, Estera undated: Born 1918 in Pilica
Was a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 206: Rydlewicz, Gedali undated: Born 1901 in Janow Podlaski
Was in Biala Podlaska
Later was in hiding
Tells how the Jews of Biala Podlaska and Parczew were destroyed
3 pgs.
Folder 207: Ryczko, Anna undated: Tells how the Germans deported the Jews from Czechoslovakia through Cieszyn
1 pg.
Folder 208: Ringowa, Janina undated: Was in Warszawa and Pruszkow , Ravensbrueck and Neubrandenburg camps and a Berlin factory
2 pgs.
Folder 209: Ringel, Joanna undated: Born 1917 in Krakow
Was in Birkenau and Bergen-Belsen camps
7 pgs.
Folder 210: Reak, Eugeniusz undated: Born 1877 in Prague , Czechoslovakia
Worked as a doctor in Auschwitz
1 pg.
Folder 210A: Rezniok, Nison undated: Was in the Wilno ghetto
Was later a partisan
9 pgs.
Folder 211: Reznik, Samuel undated: Born 1908 in Janow near Pinsk
Was in the Janow ghetto
Was later a partisan
4 pgs.
Folder 212: Schafler, Felicja undated: Born in Brzesko
Was in the Brzesko and Krakow ghettos
Tells how the Brzesko ghetto was liquidated
4 pgs.
Folder 212A: Szwarcblat, Boruch 10-Jul-45: Born 1912 in Rafalowka , Sarny Province
Was a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 213: Szarf, Henryk 11-Sep-44: Born in Zywiec
Was in Warszawa
Escaped the Warszawa ghetto and lived with Aryan identity papers in a small town Koprzywica near Sandomierz
Tells how the Jews from the town were killed
There is also a letter from Szarf's sister, who was in a camp
1 pg.
Folder 214: Szwarc, Izaak undated: Born 1924 in Buczacz
Was in Buczacz
Later was in hiding in the neighboring forest
6 pgs.
Folder 215: Steinberg, Maria undated: Describes the Judenrat in Busko
5 pgs.
Folder 216: Steinberg, Menachem undated: Born 1916 in Riga
Was in Riga
Later deported to Berlin
Was forced to translate parts of the Talmud into German
1 pg.
Folder 217: Strassberg, Henryka 20-May-45: Born 1912 in Krakow
Was in Lwow , Wisniez , Krakow , Plaszow , Tarnow , Auschwitz , and Lichtwerden
1 pg.
Folder 218: Szczucinska, Dwojra 4-Sep-44: Tells about so-called "hotel" swindle in Warszawa
1 pg.
Folder 219: Siwoschinsky, Ewa 16-May-45: Born 1926 in Berlin
Was in Paris and Drancy (manuscript says Grancy ) and Auschwitz-Birkenau camps
4 pgs.
Folder 220: Szajn, Estusia undated: Born 1933 in Turka
Was in the Sambor ghetto
Lost her parents and was hidden by others
2 pgs.
Folder 220A: Szlang, Dawid undated: Tells about the conditions of the Jews in Krakow during the time of the German occupation, 1939-1945
3 pgs.
Folder 221: Szlesinger, Werner undated: Born 1924 in Bytom
His father was Jewish, his mother was German
Did forced labor in Hamburg , Dessau and Rositz
1 pg.
Folder 222: Szmaragd, Tauba undated: Born 1926 in Lodz
Was in the Lodz ghetto and in Auschwitz camp
3 pgs.
Folder 223: Szmukler, Pinkus undated: Born 1919 in Rejowiec
Was in Rejowiec and Krychow and Auschwitz , Jaworzno and Blechhammer camps
6 pgs.
Folder 223A: Sznajman, Icchok 14-Sep-44: Was in the Warszawa ghetto and then in the forest
3 pgs.
Folder 223B: Siedlecki, Efraim undated: Tells about the heroic battle of 400 Jews in Minsk Mazowiecki , 1943
2 pgs.
Folder 224: Szenberg, Jozef undated: Born 1899 in Bedzin
Was in Blechhammer camp
Describes the conditions in the camp
3 pgs.
Folder 225: Szeftel, Abram undated: Born 1914 in Niwka
Was in Markstadt camp near Oppeln
2 pgs.
Folder 226: Szekaly, Ivan undated: Born 1920 in Vrisac , Yugoslavia
Tells about pogroms against Jews in Slovakia and Hungary
1 pg.
Folder 227: Szerman, Szyja undated: Born 1914 in Ostrowiec
Was in Ostrowiec ghetto and Blizin , Auschwitz , Bedzin and Gleiwitz camps
8 pgs.
Folder 228: Szpannberg, Rywa and Cypa 9-Jun-45: Born in Aleksandria , Volhynia
Were in a ghetto
Later was in hiding with Poles
2 pgs.
Folder 229: Spiewankowicz, Kazimierz undated: Born 1890 in Kutno
Spent the entire occupation in Kutno
Tells about deportations of Jews from Zychlin , about the Jews in Kutno and Jews who were brought from Lodz
1 pg.

Subseries 2: Yiddish Testimonies 1940-1945

In addition to the Yiddish testimonies, this subseries contains Lodz ghetto money and photographs, official printed announcements by Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski, the Nazi-appointed leader of the Judenrat (Jewish Council) in the Lodz ghetto, and some items from other ghettos as well, including pictures of the German occupations of Warsaw, Wegrow, Zdunska Wola, and others.

Folders: 74

Folder 230: Ayzikovitsh, Bella undated: Born 1931
Was in the Wilno ghetto and Vikonia , Narva , Krivioli , and Azeri camps in Estonia
1 pg.
Folder 231: Ayzenfeld, Betty undated: Born in Mir
Was in the Mir ghetto
Was later in the forest
"A Jew - A German Commander", a fragment of a larger work about Oswald Shmuel Rufeisen, an interpreter with the Mir German police
13 pgs.
Folder 232: Alpern [Alfred], Chaim undated: [Last name appears to be Alfred]
Born 1908 in Lodz
Lived in France since 1927
Tells about a young woman from Poland , Helen, who died heroically in France in the resistance movement
3 pgs.
Folder 233: Alfiner, Dawid undated: Born 1929 in Okna
Was in Okna
Tells about the campaign in the village and the liquidation of the local Jews
9 pgs.
Folder 234: Anonymous undated: "On the History of the Jewish Extermination by the Germans in Czestochowa "
13 pgs.
Folder 235: Basak, Gedalia 10-Jun-45: Born 1916 in Dereczyn
Was a partisan 1942-1944
8 pgs.
Folder 236: Burak, Zlate undated: Born 1909 in Zofiowka
" Zofiowka in the Time of the German Occupation"
8 pgs.
Folder 237: Burshteyn, Pesakh undated: Born 1909 in Bialystok
Was in the Bialystok ghetto and Auschwitz camp
Tells about the final liquidation of the Bialystok ghetto
10 pgs.
Folder 238: Bayshenboym, Rafael Apr-45: Born 1905 in Lublin
Was in the Siemiatycze ghetto
Escaped from a transport and hid
10 pgs.
Folder 239: Beserman undated: Tells about the Monowitz-Buna camp, a sub-camp of Auschwitz
22 pgs.
Folder 240: Braun, Lida (Ida) undated: Born 1932 in Glebokie
Was in the Glebokie ghetto
Was later a partisan
Tells about the liquidation of the Glebokie ghetto
16 pgs.
Folder 241: Goldshteyn, Peretz 5-Jul-44: Born 1896 in Korzec
Tells about the fate of the Jews in Korzec and in the surrounding shtetls during the time of the German occupation
8 pgs.
Folder 242: Goldszer, Boruch undated: Born 1910 in Lomazy
Was in Lomazy
Was later a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 243: Gerstenman, Reyzel undated: Born 1909 in Lublin
Was in the Lublin ghetto
Later was in hiding
3 pgs.
Folder 244: Grinshpan, Shimon undated: Born 1908 in Sokolow Podlaski
Was in Sokolow Podlaski and Treblinka camp
10 pgs.
Folder 245: Handlman, Yakov; Goldberg, Boruch 7-Sep-45: Born 1912 and 1908, respectively, in Warszawa
Were in Buchenwald and Dachau camps
30 pgs.
Folder 246: Vasershteyn, Berl 5-Jun-45: Born 1915 in Radzilow
Was in the Bialystok ghetto
Tells about the partisan movement in the Bialystok ghetto
14 pgs.
Folder 247: Vasershteyn, Shmuel 5-Apr-45: Born in Jedwabne
Lived in Jedwabne
Later was in hiding with 6 other Jews with a Polish woman
3 pgs.
Folder 248: Vinitzer, Avram 11-Aug-45: Born 1914 in Goringrod
Was in Rowno and was a partisan
Tells about the massacre of the Jews in Rowno and in the surrounding shtetls
12 pgs.
Folder 249: Vaynshteyn, Efraim 4-Jun-45: Born 1909 in Wachock
Was in Starachowice camp
Was later a partisan
3 pgs.
Folder 250: Zamashtovsky [Zamashkovsky], Henrik 27-Jul-45: [Last name appears to be Zamashkovsky]
Born 1899 in Radom
Tells about the swindle with the Hotel Polski in Warszawa during the German occupation
5 pgs.
Folder 251: Torontshuk [Barantshik], David 9-Jul-45: [Last name appears to be Barantshik]
Born 1928 in Zoludek
Was a partisan
22 pgs.
Folder 252: Tvardagure, Ber undated: Born 1910 in Krasnik
Was in Krasnik , Mauthausen and Linz work camps
10 pgs.
Folder 253: Taykhman, Golde 20-Apr-45: Born 1920 in Starachowice
Was in Starachowice , Auschwitz , Ravensbrueck , Malchau , and Leipzig camps
1 pg.
Folder 254: Jakobskind, Lejzer undated: Born 1899 in Warszawa
Was in the Warszawa ghetto and in Treblinka camp
7 pgs.
Folder 255: Lazavzl?, Yerachmiel undated: Born 1933 in Bielice
Was in Bielice , Dworzec ghetto
Later was in hiding in the forest
6 pgs.
Folder 256: Likhtenberg, Yitzhak undated: Born in Wlodawa
Was in Wlodawa and Lachwa at the time of the German occupation
Tells about the partisans in the region of Lachwa ( Pinsk Circle)
16 pgs.
Folder 257: Likhterman, Yakov undated: Was in the Warszawa ghetto and Majdanek camp
Tells how he met with Dr. Ignacy (Isaac) Schipper, the historian, in Majdanek
5 pgs.
Folder 258: Levin, Feyge undated: Born 1915
Was in the Wilno ghetto and Riga , Stutthof and Torun camps
Describes the situation in Riga and Torun
1 pg.
Folder 259: Lewinsohn, Majer undated: Born 1914 in Zanitole ?, Garwolin County
Hid during the occupation
11 pgs.
Folder 260: Lerner, Shmuel and Esther undated: Born 1922 in Zolkiewka and Belz , respectively
Was in Zolkiewka and Sobibor camp
Tells about the situation of the Jews in Zolkiewka , in the Sobibor death camp and about the uprising
Among the organizers of the uprising was Leon (Leybl) Feldhendler, the son of the Zolkiewka rabbi
16 pgs.
Folder 261: Leszcz, Yehiel undated: Born 1902 in Ostrow Mazowiecka
Describes the situation of the Jews in Radom during the occupation
15 pgs.
Folder 262: Mazowiecki, M. undated: Tells about the big raid in July 1943 in the Naliboki Forest
4 pgs.
Folder 263: Maik, Mikhl 14-May-45: Born in Sokoly
"Lashes of the Judenrat in Sokoly "
3 pgs.
Folder 264: Mandel undated: Born 1893 in Malinec
Describes the Lodz ghetto and camp
26 pgs.
Folder 265: Montan [Togman], Karl undated: [Last name appears to be Togman]
Born in Warka
Was in the Warka ghetto and Treblinka camp
4 pgs.
Folder 266: Milikanski, Yankel 16-Jul-45: Born 1926 in Stary Gaj
Was in 9 camps, including Stutthof and Buchenwald
6 pgs.
Folder 267: Mintzberg, Simkhe undated: Born 1891 in Ostrowice
In the time of the occupation, he was head of the Judenrat in Starachowice
Tells about the camp in Starachowice
3 pgs.
Folder 268: Majerowicz, Stefan Froim undated: Born 1914 in Warszawa
Describes the situation in the Lodz ghetto
Was briefly in Czestochowa
Was sent to work in Hrubieszow
Tells about the liquidation of the Noworadomsk ghetto
65 pgs.
Folder 269: Suchowolska/Suchalawska, Yente 5-Dec-45: Born 1910 in Parczew
Was in the Belzec , Budzyn , Majdanek , Auschwitz , Bergen-Belsen , and Raguhn camps
10 pgs.
Folder 270: Sladinov, Daniel 31-May-45: Born in Sluck
Was in Sluck ghetto
Later was in hiding in the forest
2 pgs.
Folder 271: Elman, Yosef undated: Born 1922 in Pruzana
Was in the Pruzana ghetto
Was later a partisan
30 pgs.
Folder 272: Elman, Shmaryahu undated: Born 1919 in Pruzana
"Diary of a Partisan"
36 pgs.
Folder 273: Pudlowski, Leyb 26-Jun-45: Born 1899 in Belebashov ?
Was in Bialystok ghetto
Was later a partisan
4 pgs.
Folder 274: Fabritzky, Yakov 28-Feb-45: "The First Phase of the Liquidation of the Bialystok ghetto"
7 pgs.
Folder 275: Falasetzka, Mala undated: Born 1927 in Adamow
Hid during the time of the occupation
14 pgs.
Folder 276: Feinfeld, Fishl 20-Sep-45: Born 1905 in Bialystok
Was in Blizin and Auschwitz camps
Tells about the 72 murdered heroes of the uprising of the Bialystok ghetto
4 pgs.
Folder 277: Finkler, Abraham undated: Born 1907 in Radoszyce
"The Jewish Community in Szydlowiec in the Time of the German Occupation"
12 pgs.
Folder 277A: Feldshen, Ben Tzion undated: Tells about the murder of the Lanowice Jews
5 pgs.
Folder 278: Frenkel, Wolf undated: Born 1922 in Grodzisk Mazowiecki
Hid in Grodzisk and in Warszawa
6 pgs.
Folder 279: Rabinovitsh, Chaim 13-Jul-45: Born 1922 in Romania
Was in Mir during the the time of the German occupation
Was later a partisan
12 pgs.
Folder 280: Rozenblat, Yehuda undated: Born in Ignatowka
Tells about Ignatowka and Zofiowka in the time of the occupation
8 pgs.
Folder 281: Rolnik, Mordechai undated: Born 1927 in Iwaniec
Was in Ignatowka
Was later a partisan
14 pgs.
Folder 282: Romanowski, Moshe Wolf 12-Jun-45: Born in Lachwa
Tells how the Lachwa ghetto was liquidated
2 pgs.
Folder 283: Raykhman, Raya 28-May-45: Born 1916 in Wilno
Was in the Kowno ghetto and Klooga camp in Estonia
12 pgs.
Folder 284: Reznik, Yitzhak 18-Aug-45: Born 1918 in Spak ?, Russia
Escaped from being a prisoner of war
Was later a partisan
Was in several camps, including Auschwitz
23 pgs.
Folder 285: Reketowicz, Majer undated: Born 1910 in Bledow
Was in the Lodz ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 286: Kagan, Dora undated: Born 1923
Lived in Kowno until the war
Was in the Kowno ghetto
Tells about heroes of the Kowno ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 287: Kagan, Yosef; Shvartz, Isser undated: Born 1905 in Iwie and 1908, respectively
Were in Iwie ghetto
Later was in hiding in the forest
16 pgs.
Folder 288: Kovensky, Elyahu 23-Jul-45: Born 1909
Was in the Zdzieciol and Nowogrodek ghettos
Escaped the ghetto and was a partisan
Distinguished himself in fighting the Germans
Exploded 14 German troop transports
12 pgs.
Folder 289: Koniecpoler, David undated: The extermination of the Jews in Czestochowa
"The Last 24 Hours of HASAG"
10 pgs.
Folder 290: Katz, Yakov undated: Born 1914 in Lida
Was a partisan
10 pgs.
Folder 291: Kleinman, Judel (Yehuda) undated: Born 1888 in Pilica
Was in the Pilica ghetto
6 pgs.
Folder 292: Krongoltz/Kronzaltz, Jerzy 11-Jan-45: Born 1918 in Radom
Describes the situation of the Jews in Radom and in the Ostrowiec camp
13 pgs.
Folder 293: Krajchman, Izak undated: Born 1918 in Sokolow Podlaski
Was in the Lodz ghetto
3 pgs.
Folder 294: Tzukerman, Yehuda 7-Apr-45: Born 1911 in Lodz
Was in Grunow , Christianstadt , Fuerstenberg , Auschwitz , and Gleiwitz camps
6 pgs.
Folder 295: Shapiro, Israel 20-Apr-45: Reports about the murder of Jewish prisoners of war by the Germans in Parczew , February 22, 1940
2 pgs.
Folder 296: Shlaykher, Israel Apr-45: Born 1928 in Jozefow , Lublin Province
"Narrative of a Child"
Was in Jozefow , Lublin camp, Zolkiewka ghetto, and in the forest
8 pgs.
Folder 297: Shper, Yosef undated: Born 1877 in Hrubieszow
Tells about the situation of the Jews in Hrubieszow and how he survived for 2077 days
14 pgs.
Folder 298: Lodz ghetto photographs undated: Made by Grosman
Folder 299: Lodz ghetto money 1940: 1 50 Mark bill and 5 50 Pfennig bills
Folder 300: Announcements from Chaim Rumkowski 1943-1944: German, Yiddish
Folder 301: Photographs 1941-1942, undated: Warszawa ghetto martyrs
Warszawa ghetto campaigns
Warszawa ghetto ruins
Wegrow executions, 1942
Zdunska Wola executions, 1941
Miscellaneous photos of occupations
Folder 302: Glass photographic negatives undated