Brief Description: Photographs collected from various sources which relate to all aspects of Jewish life in about 65 countries. Included are photographs of street scenes, synagogues and other community buildings, community leaders and members, market scenes, economic life, schools, factories, activities of Jewish organizations, members of organizations, political parties, religious activities, families, immigration, antisemitism, pogroms, historical events, Holocaust period. Holocaust photographs relate to, Nazi propaganda activities, Nazi personalities, concentration camps, ghetto conditions, atrocities, deportations, extermination, post-war memorial monuments. The following countries are included: Abyssinia, Algeria, Antilles (Netherlands), Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Bessarabia, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rhodesia, Rumania, Russia and the Soviet Union, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanganyika, Tunisia, Turkey, Uruguay, the United States, Venezuela, Yemen, Yugoslavia. The largest collections by far are those of Poland, 1860s to the present and Russia and the Soviet Union, 1880s-1970s and the U.S., ca. 1900-1980s. Photographs are arranged by locality and not by subject. Within each country the arrangement is by name of city, town or village. For some countries separate groupings were established for the Holocaust period. Card Inventory for each country, English. The bulk of the Polish collection and part of the Lithuanian, Estonian, Latvian and Russian photographs are cataloged on YIVO's videodisc database, titled, "People of a Thousand Towns."